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1. H. Yousuf, M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, et al., “Examining the factors influencing cybersecurity behaviors in m-payment contactless technologies using SEM–ANN approach,” Journal of Financial Services Marketing, vol. 30, p. 21, 2025, doi: 10.1057/s41264-025-00314-x.
2. A. Mohamed, R. Faisal, A. Al-Gindy, and K. Shaalan, “Artificial intelligence and immersive technologies: Virtual assistants in AR/VR for special needs learners,” Computers, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 306, 2025. doi: 10.3390/computers14080306
3. A. M. Basiouni, M. E. Rashid, and K. Shaalan, “In-context learning in large language models (LLMs): Mechanisms, capabilities, and implications for advanced knowledge representation and reasoning,” IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 95574–95593, 2025. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3575303
4. G. Bilquise, K. Shaalan, and M. AlKhatib, “A comprehensive review of virtual commerce applications for the metaverse: Open issues, challenges and recommended solution for benchmarking,” Int. J. Human–Computer Interaction, pp. 1–27, 2025. doi: 10.1080/10447318.2025.2499662
5. M. Chabane, F. Harrag, and K. Shaalan, “Advancing low-resource dialect identification: A hybrid cross-lingual model leveraging CAMeLBERT and FastText for Algerian Arabic,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 284, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2025.127816
6. H. Himdi, F. Alhayan, and K. Shaalan, “Neural networks and sentiment features for extremist content detection in Arabic social,” Int. Arab J. Inf. Technol. (IAJIT), vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 522–534, May 2025. doi: 10.34028/iajit/22/3/8
7. A. Mohamed, R. AlAleeli, and K. Shaalan, “Advancing predictive healthcare: A systematic review of transformer models in electronic health records,” Computers, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 148, 2025. doi: 10.3390/computers14040148
8. M. Salem and K. Shaalan, “Unlocking the power of machine learning in E-learning: A comprehensive review of predictive models for student performance and engagement,” Educ Inf Technol, vol. 30, pp. 19027–19050, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10639-025-13526-4
9. M. Ibrahim and K. Shaalan, “Refresh step to enhance secure translation using fully homomorphic encryption and sequence-to-sequence neural networks,” J. Inf. Syst. Eng. Manag., vol. 10, no. 21s, pp. 863–870, 2025. doi: 10.52783/jisem.v10i21s.3450
10. A. Boutadjine, F. Harrag, and K. Shaalan, “Human vs. machine: A comparative study on the detection of AI-generated content,” ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 1–26, 2025. doi: 10.1145/3708889
11. A. Almansoori, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Determinants of users’ cybersecurity behavior in the metaverse: A deep learning-based hybrid SEM-ANN approach,” Int. J. Human–Computer Interaction, pp. 1–18, 2024. doi: 10.1080/10447318.2024.2440674
12. H. Himdi and K. Shaalan, “Advancing author gender identification in modern standard Arabic with innovative deep learning and textual feature techniques,” Information, vol. 15, no. 12, p. 779, 2024. doi: 10.3390/info15120779
13. S. Salloum, K. Alhumaid, A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “K-means clustering of tweet emotions: A 2D PCA visualization approach,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 23–29, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.174
14. S. Salloum, K. Alhumaid, A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Disease discourse through sentiment and network analysis,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 30–36, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.175
15. M. Alkhatib, A. Faisal, F. Alfalasi, K. Shaalan, and A. Mohmed, “Deep learning approaches for detecting Arabic cyberbullying social media,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 278–286, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.201
16. H. Shoubaki, S. Abdallah, and K. Shaalan, “Deep learning techniques for identifying poets in Arabic poetry: A focus on LSTM and Bi-LSTM,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 461–470, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.221
17. M. R. Al Saidat, S. Y. Yerima, and K. Shaalan, “Advancements of SMS spam detection: A comprehensive survey of NLP and ML techniques,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 248–259, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.198
18. M. R. Al Saidat, S. Y. Yerima, and K. Shaalan, “A novel approach for Arabic SMS spam detection using hybrid deep learning techniques,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 244, pp. 260–267, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.10.199
19. O. Alshamsi, K. Shaalan, and U. Butt, “Towards securing smart homes: A systematic literature review of malware detection techniques and recommended prevention approach,” Information, vol. 15, no. 10, p. 631, 2024. doi: 10.3390/info15100631
20. S. Alsayed, S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Impact of artificial intelligence chatbots on student well-being and mental health: A systematic review,” People and Behavior Analysis‎, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1–13, 2024. doi: 10.31098/pba.v2i2.2411
21. A. AlQudah, M. Al-Emran, T. U. Daim, and K. Shaalan, “Toward an integrated model for examining the factors affecting the acceptance of queue management solutions in healthcare,” IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag., vol. 71, pp. 6116–6132, 2024. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2022.3223520
22. G. Bilquise, K. Shaalan, and M. Alkhatib, “A systematic review of virtual commerce solutions for the metaverse,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 15, no. 8, 2024. doi: 10.14569/IJACSA.2024.0150834
23. G. Bilquise, K. Shaalan, and M. AlKhatib, “Evaluation of virtual commerce applications for the metaverse using spherical linear Diophantine-based modeling approach,” Hum. Behav. Emerg. Technol., Art. no. 4571959, 2024. doi: 10.1155/2024/4571959
24. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, K. Shaalan, and F. Alhosban, “Customs valuation assessment using cluster-based approach,” Int. J. Inf. Technol., vol. 16, pp. 4243–4252, 2024. doi: 10.1007/s41870-024-01821-1
25. M. AlShamsi, T. Daim, M. Al-Sharafi, G. Bolatan, and K. Shaalan, “Uncovering the critical drivers of blockchain sustainability in higher education using a deep learning-based hybrid SEM-ANN approach,” IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag., vol. 71, pp. 8192–8208, 2024. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2024.3365041
26. R. Albayari, S. Abdallah, and K. Shaalan, “Cyberbullying detection model for Arabic text using deep learning,” J. Inf. Knowl. Manag., vol. 24, no. 3, p. 2450016, 2025. doi: 10.1142/S0219649224500163
27. A. Alsharhan, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Chatbot adoption: A multiperspective systematic review and future research agenda,” IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag., vol. 71, pp. 10232–10244, 2024. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2023.3298360
28. S. Al Mansoori, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Factors affecting autonomous vehicles adoption: A systematic review, proposed framework, and future roadmap,” Int. J. Human–Comput. Interact., vol. 40, no. 24, pp. 8397–8418, 2024. doi: 10.1080/10447318.2023.2286089
29. U. J. Butt, O. Hussien, K. Hasanaj, K. Shaalan, B. Hassan, and H. Al-Khateeb, “Predicting the impact of data poisoning attacks in blockchain-enabled supply chain networks,” Algorithms, vol. 16, no. 12, p. 549, 2023. doi: 10.3390/a16120549
30. S. Jain, H. K. Tripathy, S. Mallik, H. Qin, Y. Shaalan, and K. Shaalan, “Autism detection of MRI brain images using hybrid deep CNN with DM-Resnet classifier,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 117741–117751, 2023. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3325701
31. T. Osman, K. Hussein, M. Miltan, K. Shaalan, and R. Alfrjani, “Exploiting functional discourse grammar to enhance complex Arabic relation extraction using a hybrid semantic knowledge base–machine learning approach,” ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process., vol. 22, no. 8, Art. no. 214, pp. 1–30, 2023. doi: 10.1145/3610581
32. S. Salloum, T. Gaber, S. Vadera, and K. Shaalan, “A new English/Arabic parallel corpus for phishing emails,” ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process., vol. 22, no. 7, pp 2375-4699, 2023. doi: 10.1145/3606031
33. B. Alazzam, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic educational neural network chatbot,” Inf. Sci. Lett., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 2579–2589, 2023. doi: 10.18576/isl/120654
34. M. Zahrawi and K. Shaalan, “Improving video surveillance systems in banks using deep learning techniques,” Sci. Rep., vol. 13, Art. no. 7911, 2023. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-35190-9
35. A. Wahdan, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic review of Arabic text classification: Areas, applications, and future directions,” Soft Comput., vol. 28, pp. 545–1566, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s00500-023-08384-6
36. R. Al-Maroof, S. Salloum, A. Hassanien, and K. Shaalan, “Fear from COVID-19 and technology adoption: The impact of Google Meet during coronavirus pandemic,” Interact. Learn. Environ., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 1293–1308, 2023. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2020.1830121
37. A. Almansoori, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Exploring the frontiers of cybersecurity behavior: A systematic review of studies and theories,” Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 9, p. 5700, 2023. doi: 10.3390/app13095700
38. A. Aburayya, S. Salloum, K. Alderbashi, F. Shwedeh, Y. Shaalan, R. Alfaisal, S. Malaka, and K. Shaalan, “SEM–machine learning-based model for perusing the adoption of metaverse in higher education in UAE,” Int. J. Data Netw. Sci., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 667–676, 2023. doi: 10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.3.005
39. B. Alazzam, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Artificial intelligence chatbots: A survey of classical versus deep machine learning techniques,” Inf. Sci. Lett., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1217–1233, 2023. doi: 10.18576/isl/120437
40. S. Assayed, K. Shaalan, S. Alsayed, and M. Alkhatib, “Psychological emotion recognition of students using machine learning based chatbot,” Int. J. Artif. Intell. Appl., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 29–39, 2023. doi: 10.5121/ijaia.2023.14203
41. H. AlZaabi, K. Shaalan, T. M. Ghazal, M. A. Khan, S. Abbas, B. Mago, M. A. A. Tomh, and M. Ahmad, “Intelligent energy consumption for smart homes using fused machine-learning technique,” Comput. Mater. Continua, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 2261–2278, 2023. doi: 10.32604/cmc.2023.031834
42. S. Assayed, K. Shaalan, and M. Alkhatib, “A chatbot intent classifier for supporting high school students,” EAI Endorsed Trans. Scalable Inf. Syst., vol. 10, no. 3, p. e1, Dec. 2022. doi: 10.4108/eetsis.v10i2.2948
43. M. Salameh, A. Taamneh, A. Kitana, A. Aburayya, F. Shwedeh, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, and D. Varshney, “The impact of project management office’s role on knowledge management: A systematic review study,” Comput. Integr. Manuf. Syst., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 827–845, 2022. [Online]. Available: http://cims-journal.com/index.php/CN/article/view/463
44. R. Ravikumar, A. Kitana, A. Taamneh, A. Aburayya, F. Shwedeh, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The impact of big data quality analytics on knowledge management in healthcare institutions: Lessons learned from big data’s application within the healthcare sector,” South East. Eur. J. Public Health, vol. 5, pp. 1-17, Dec. 2022. doi: 10.11576/seejph-6194
45. R. Ravikumar, A. Kitana, A. Taamneh, A. Aburayya, F. Shwedeh, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Impact of knowledge sharing on knowledge acquisition among higher education employees,” Comput. Integr. Manuf. Syst., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 846–863, 2022. doi: 10.24297/j.cims.2022.12.58
46. A. El Nokiti, K. Shaalan, S. Salloum, A. Aburayya, F. Shwedeh, and B. Shameem, “Is blockchain the answer? A qualitative study on how blockchain technology could be used in the education sector to improve the quality of education services and the overall student experience,” Comput. Integr. Manuf. Syst., vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 543–556, 2022. [Online]. Available: http://cims-journal.com/index.php/CN/article/view/237
47. A. AlSereidi, S. Q. M. Salih, R. T. Mohammed, A. A. Zaidan, H. Albayati, D. Pamucar, A. S. Albahri, B. B. Zaidan, K. Shaalan, J. Al-Obaidi, O. S. Albahri, A. Alamoodi, N. Abdul Majid, S. Garfan, M. S. Al-Samarraay, A. N. Jasim, and M. J. Baqer, “Novel federated decision making for distribution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody to eligible high-risk patients,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Decis. Mak., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 197–268, 2024. doi: 10.1142/S021962202250050X
48. G. Bilquise, K. Shaalan, and S. Ibrahim, “Emotionally intelligent chatbots: A systematic literature review,” Hum. Behav. Emerg. Technol., vol. 2022, Art. no. 9601630, 23 pp., 2022. doi: 10.1155/2022/9601630
49. G. Bilquise, K. Shaalan, and S. Ibrahim, “AI-based academic advising framework: A knowledge management perspective,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 193–203, 2022. doi: 10.14569/IJACSA.2022.0130823
50. G. Bilquise, S. Ibrahim, and K. Shaalan, “Bilingual AI-driven chatbot for academic advising,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 50–57, 2022. doi: 10.14569/IJACSA.2022.0130808
51. O. Alqaryouti and K. Shaalan, “Trade facilitation framework for e-commerce platforms using blockchain,” Int. J. Bus. Inf. Syst., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 238–258, 2022. doi: 10.1504/IJBIS.2022.123626
52. S. Salloum, T. Gaber, S. Vadera, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic literature review on phishing email detection using natural language processing techniques,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 65703–65727, 2022. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3183083
53. M. AlShamsi, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic review on blockchain adoption,” Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 9, p. 4245, 2022. doi: 10.3390/app12094245
54. J. H. Al Shamsi, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Understanding key drivers affecting students’ use of artificial intelligence-based voice assistants,” Educ. Inf. Technol., Vol. 27, pp. 8071–8091, 2022. doi: 10.1007/s10639-022-10947-3
55. R. Alfaisal, K. Alhumaid, N. Alnazzawi, R. A. Samra, A. Aburayya, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, O. Al Khasoneh, and A. A. Monem, “Predicting the intention to use Google Glass in the educational projects: A hybrid SEM-ML approach,” Acad. Strateg. Manag. J., vol. 21, no. S6, pp. 1–13, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.abacademies.org/articles/predicting-the-intention-to-use-google-glass-in-the-educational-projects-a-hybrid-semml-approach.pdf
56. A. AlQudah, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Medical data integration using HL7 standards for patient’s early identification,” PLoS ONE, vol. 16, no. 12, p. e0262067, 2021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262067
57. H. Hejazi and K. Shaalan, “Deep learning for Arabic image captioning: A comparative study of main factors and preprocessing recommendations,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 37–44, Nov. 2021. doi: 10.14569/IJACSA.2021.0121105
58. A. AlQudah, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Technology acceptance in healthcare: A systematic review,” Appl. Sci., vol. 11, no. 22, p. 10537, 2021. doi: 10.3390/app112210537
59. F. Alattar and K. Shaalan, “Emerging research topic detection using filtered-LDA,” AI, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 578–599, 2021. doi: 10.3390/ai2040035
60. H. Yousuf, S. A. Salloum, A. Baraiya, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic review of CRYPTDB: Implementation, challenges, and future opportunities,” J. Manag. Inf. Decis. Sci., vol. 24, Special Issue 1, pp. 1–16, 2021. Online]. Available: https://www.abacademies.org/articles/a-systematic-review-of-cryptdb-implementation-challenges-and-future-opportunities.pdf
61. A. Wahdan, S. Hantoobi, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The role of knowledge management in virtual learning environments: A systematic review,” Int. J. Knowl. Manag. Stud., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 325–350, 2021. doi: 10.1504/IJKMS.2021.10040564
62. S. Salloum, T. Gaber, S. Vadera, and K. Shaalan, “Phishing email detection using natural language processing techniques: A literature survey,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 189, pp. 19–28, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.05.077
63. H. Samy, E. Hassanein, and K. Shaalan, “A framework for building an educational question answering system,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 9–17, 2021. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
64. F. Alattar and K. Shaalan, “Using artificial intelligence to understand what causes sentiment changes on social media,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 61756–61767, 2021. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3073657
65. A. Ahmed, K. Shaalan, S. Toral, and Y. Hifny, “A multimodal approach to improve performance evaluation of call center agent,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 8, p. 2720, 2021. doi: 10.3390/s21082720
66. D. Pavithran, J. Al-Karaki, and K. Shaalan, “Edge-based blockchain architecture for event-driven IoT using hierarchical identity based encryption,” Inf. Process. Manag., vol. 58, no. 3, Art. no. 102528, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102528
67. F. Alattar and K. Shaalan, “A survey on opinion reason mining and interpreting sentiment variations,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 39636–39655, 2021. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3063921
68. H. Yousuf, M. Lahzi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic review on sequence-to-sequence learning with neural network and its models,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 2315–2326, 2021. doi: 10.11591/ijece.v11i3.pp2315-2326
69. A. Alsharhan, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The impact of eLearning as a knowledge management tool in organizational performance,” Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 928–936, 2021. doi: 10.25046/aj0601102
70. S. Mansoori, A. Almansoori, M. Alshamsi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Suspicious activity detection of Twitter and Facebook using sentimental analysis,” TEM J., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1313–1319, Nov. 2020. doi: 10.18421/TEM94-01
71. A. Almansoori, S. Mansoori, M. Alshamsi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Development of machine translation models: A systematic review,” Int. J. Control Autom., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1462–1483, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://sersc.org/journals/index.php/IJCA/article/view/32923
72. A. Ahmed, S. Toral, K. Shaalan, and Y. Hifny, “Agent productivity modeling in a call center domain using attentive convolutional neural networks,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 19, p. 5489, 2020. doi: 10.3390/s20195489
73. M. Alkhatib, A. Abd El Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Deep learning for Arabic error detection and correction,” ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process., vol. 19, no. 5, Art. no. 71, pp. 1–13, 2020. doi: 10.1145/3373266
74. H. Alghanem, M. Shanaa, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The role of KM in enhancing AI algorithms and systems,” Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 388–396, 2020. doi: 10.25046/aj050445
75. A. Wahdan, S. AL Hantoobi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “A systematic review of text classification research based on deep learning models in Arabic language,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 6629–6643, 2020. doi: 10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp6629-6643
76. M. Kayed and K. Shaalan, “GenDE: A CRF-based data extractor,” J. Web Eng., vol. 19, nos. 3–4, pp. 371–404, 2020. doi: 10.13052/jwe1540-9589.19342
77. M. Juma, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Hybrid end-to-end VPN security approach for smart IoT objects,” J. Netw. Comput. Appl., vol. 158, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102598
78. M. Alkhatib, A. El Barachi, A. AleAhmad, F. Oroumchian, and K. Shaalan, “A sentiment reporting framework for major city events: Case study on the China–United States trade war,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 264, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121426
79. R. Al-Maroof, S. Salloum, A. AlHamad, and K. Shaalan, “Understanding an extension technology acceptance model of Google Translation: A multi-cultural study in United Arab Emirates,” Int. J. Interact. Mobile Technol., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 157–178, 2020. doi: 10.3991/ijim.v14i03.11110
80. D. Pavithran, K. Shaalan, J. Al-Karaki, and A. Gawanmeh, “Towards building a blockchain framework for IoT,” Clust. Comput., vol. 23, pp. 2089–2103, 2020. doi: 10.1007/s10586-020-03059-5
81. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Aspect-based sentiment analysis using smart government review data,” Appl. Comput. Inform., vol. 20, no. (1-2), pp. 142–161.2024. doi: 10.1016/j.aci.2019.11.003
82. M. Alghizzawi, M. Habes, S. Salloum, M. Abd Ghani, C. Mhamdi, and K. Shaalan, “The effect of social media usage on students’ e-learning acceptance in higher education: A case study from the United Arab Emirates,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 13–26, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
83. H. Juma, K. Shaalan, and I. Kamel, “A survey on using blockchain in trade supply chain solutions,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 184115–184132, 2019. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2960542
84. M. Alshurideh, S. Salloum, B. Al Kurdi, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Understanding the quality determinants that influence the intention to use the mobile learning platforms: A practical study,” Int. J. Interact. Mobile Technol., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 157–183, Jun. 2019. doi: 10.3991/ijim.v13i11.10300
85. S. Salloum, A. AlHamad, M. Al-Emran, A. AbdelMonem, and K. Shaalan, “Exploring students’ acceptance of e-learning through the development of a comprehensive technology acceptance model,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 128445–128462, 2019. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2939467
86. R. M. Ghoniem, N. Alhelwa, and K. Shaalan, “A novel hybrid genetic-whale optimization model for ontology learning from Arabic text,” Algorithms, vol. 12, p. 182, 2019. doi: 10.3390/a12090182
87. R. M. Ghoniem, A. D. Algarni, and K. Shaalan, “Multi-modal emotion aware system based on fusion of speech and brain information,” Information, vol. 10, no. 7, p. 239, 2019. doi: 10.3390/info10070239
88. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, R. Khalaf, M. Habes, and K. Shaalan, “An innovative study of e-payment systems adoption in higher education: Theoretical constructs and empirical analysis,” Int. J. Interact. Mobile Technol., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 68–83, Jun. 2019. doi: 10.3991/ijim.v13i06.9875
89. S. Alsheikh, K. Shaalan, and F. Meziane, “Exploring the effects of consumers’ trust: A predictive model for satisfying buyers’ expectations based on sellers’ behavior in the marketplace,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 73357–73372, 2019. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2917999
90. A A. Abu Saa, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Factors affecting students’ performance in higher education: A systematic review of predictive data mining techniques,” Tech. Knowl. Learn., vol. 24, pp. 567–598, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s10758-019-09408-7
91. M. Khalifa and K. Shaalan, “Character convolutions for Arabic named entity recognition with long short-term memory networks,” Comput. Speech Lang., vol. 58, pp. 335–346, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.csl.2019.05.003
92. M. Alkhatib, M. El Barachi, and K. Shaalan, “An Arabic social media based framework for incidents and events monitoring in smart cities,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 220, pp. 771–785, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.063
93. H. Samy, E. Hassanein, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic question answering: A study on challenges, systems, and techniques,” Int. J. Comput. Appl., vol. 181, no. 44, pp. 6–14, 2019. doi: 10.5120/ijca2019918524
94. A. B. Nassif, I. Shahin, I. Attili, M. Azzeh, and K. Shaalan, “Speech recognition using deep neural networks: A systematic review,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 19143–19165, 2019. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896880
95. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Tarhini, “Factors affecting the e-learning acceptance: A case study from UAE,” Educ. Inf. Technol., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 509–530, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s10639-018-9786-3
96. A. Albarghothi, W. Saber, and K. Shaalan, “Automatic construction of e-government services ontology from Arabic webpages,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 142, pp. 104–113, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.465
97. A. Al-Zoghby and K. Shaalan, “Ontological optimization for latent semantic indexing of Arabic corpus,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 142, pp. 206–213, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.477
98. M. Alkhatib and K. Shaalan, “Paraphrasing Arabic metaphor with neural machine translation,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 142, pp. 308–314, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.493
99. R. Abdel Wahab, D. Hamdan, and K. Shaalan, “Advances in knowledge management: A systematic review of big data perspective,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 25–35, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
100. S. Salloum, W. Maqableh, C. Mhamdi, B. Al Kurdi, and K. Shaalan, “Studying the social media adoption by university students in the United Arab Emirates,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 83–95, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
101. S. Salloum, C. Mhamdi, B. Al Kurdi, and K. Shaalan, “Factors affecting the adoption and meaningful use of social media: A structural equation modeling approach,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 96–109, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
102. M. Al-Emran, V. Mezhuyev, A. Kamaludin, and K. Shaalan, “The impact of knowledge management processes on information systems: A systematic review,” Int. J. Inf. Manag., vol. 43, pp. 173–187, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.08.001
103. Z. Alhammadi and K. Shaalan, “Lean transformation in information technology: The case of IT services in financial firms,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 28–47, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
104. M. Hamdy and K. Shaalan, “A hybrid framework for applying semantic integration technologies to improve data quality,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 27–44, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
105. S. Salloum, C. Mhamdi, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Analysis and classification of Arabic newspapers’ Facebook pages using text mining techniques,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 8–17, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
106. M. Alkhatib, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “A rich Arabic WordNet resource for Al-Hadith Al-Shareef,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 117, pp. 101–110, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.098
107. B. Siyam, A. Abu Saa, O. Alqaryouti, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic arithmetic word problems solver,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 117, pp. 153–160, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.104
108. A. A. Albarghothi, F. Khater, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic question answering using ontology,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 117, pp. 183–191, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.108
109. R. Ghoniem and K. Shaalan, “A novel Arabic text-independent speaker verification system based on fuzzy hidden Markov model,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 117, pp. 274–286, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.119
110. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Mining text in news channels: A case study from Facebook,” Int. J. Inf. Technol. Lang. Stud., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls
111. M. Oudah and K. Shaalan, “Studying the impact of language-independent and language-specific features on hybrid Arabic person name recognition,” Lang. Resour. Eval., vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 351–378, 2017. doi: 10.1007/s10579-016-9376-1
112. M. Oudah and K. Shaalan, “NERA 2.0: Improving coverage and performance of rule-based named entity recognition for Arabic,” Nat. Lang. Eng., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 441–472, 2017. doi: 10.1017/S1351324916000097
113. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “A survey of text mining in social media: Facebook and Twitter perspectives,” Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 127–133, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://www.astesj.com/publications/ASTESJ_020115.pdf
114. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Mining social media text: Extracting knowledge from Facebook,” Int. J. Comput. Digit. Syst., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 73–81, Mar. 2017. doi: 10.12785/IJCDS/060203
115. M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, “Academics’ awareness towards mobile learning in Oman,” Int. J. Comput. Digit. Syst., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 45–50, Jan. 2017. doi: 10.12785/IJCDS/060105
116. S. Ray and K. Shaalan, “A review and future perspectives of Arabic question answering systems,” IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 3169–3190, 2016. doi: 10.1109/TKDE.2016.2607201
117. H. Al Suwaidi, T. R. Soomro, and K. Shaalan, “Sentiment analysis for Emiriti dialects in Twitter,” Sindh Univ. Res. J. Sci. Ser., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 707–710, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://sujo.usindh.edu.pk/index.php/SURJ/article/view/3507
118. O. Alqaryouti, A. Alqudah, and K. Shaalan, “Effective knowledge management in projects: Characteristics and integration,” Inf. Knowl. Manag. J., vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 27–33, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/IKM/article/view/32372/33260
119. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A survey of lexical functional grammar in the Arabic context,” Int. J. Comput. Netw. Technol., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 141–146, Sep. 2016. doi: 10.12785/IJCNT/040304
120. M. Al-Emran, H. Elsherif, and K. Shaalan, “Investigating attitudes towards the use of mobile learning in higher education,” Comput. Hum. Behav., vol. 56, pp. 93–102, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.033
121. L. Al Hassan, T. Soomro, and K. Shaalan, “Business continuity perspective: A study of IT enabled services,” Int. J. Comput. Appl., vol. 142, no. 4, pp. 20–26, May 2016. doi: 10.5120/ijca2016909749
122. M. Attia, P. Pecina, Y. Samih, K. Shaalan, and J. Van Genabith, “Arabic spelling error detection and correction,” Nat. Lang. Eng., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 751–773, 2016. doi: 10.1017/S1351324915000030
123. M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, “Attitudes towards the use of mobile learning: A case study from the Gulf region,” Int. J. Interact. Mobile Technol., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 75–78, Jul. 2015. doi: 10.3991/ijim.v9i3.4596
124. K. Shaalan, M. Magdy, and A. Fahmy, “Analysis and feedback of erroneous Arabic verbs,” Nat. Lang. Eng., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 271–323, 2015. doi: 10.1017/S1351324913000223
125. K. Shaalan, “A survey of Arabic named entity recognition and classification,” Comput. Linguist., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 469–510, 2014. doi: 10.1162/COLI_a_00178
126. A. El-Taher, H. Abo Bakr, I. Zidan, and K. Shaalan, “An Arabic CCG approach for determining constituent types from Arabic Treebank,” J. King Saud Univ. – Comput. Inf. Sci., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 441–449, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.jksuci.2014.06.005
127. K. Shaalan, M. Al-Mansoori, and H. Tawfik, “An awareness-raising e-learning approach for children living in a high diabetic population,” Informatics Health Soc. Care, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 81–103, 2014. doi: 10.3109/17538157.2013.858043
128. K. Shaalan and M. Oudah, “A hybrid approach to Arabic named entity recognition,” J. Inf. Sci., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 67–87, 2014. doi: 10.1177/0165551513502417
129. T. Ghazal, T. Soomro, and K. Shaalan, “Integration of project management maturity (PMM) based on capability maturity model integration (CMMI),” Eur. J. Sci. Res., vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 418–428, 2013.
130. A. M. Owayid, K. Alrawi, and K. Shaalan, “Strategic change in knowledge management and e-learning: Enhancing workplace learning,” Eur. J. Sci. Res., vol. 100, no. 2, pp. 230–240, 2013.
131. K. Shaalan, A. Hendam, and A. Rafea, “Rapid development and deployment of bi-directional expert systems using machine translation technology,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1375–1380, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.08.019
132. K. Shaalan, “Rule-based approach in Arabic natural language processing,” Int. J. Inf. Commun. Technol., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 11–19, Jun. 2010. [Online]. Available: http://www.ieee.ma/IJICT/IJICT-SI-Bouzoubaa-3.3/3%20-%20Khaledl.pdf
133. A. Farghaly and K. Shaalan, “Arabic natural language processing: Challenges and solutions,” ACM Trans. Asian Lang. Inf. Process., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1–22, Dec. 2009. doi: 10.1145/1644879.1644881
134. K. Shaalan and H. Raza, “NERA: Named entity recognition for Arabic,” J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol., vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 1652–1663, Jul. 2009. doi: 10.1002/asi.21090
135. A. Abdel Monem, K. Shaalan, A. Rafea, and H. Baraka, “Generating Arabic text in multilingual speech-to-speech machine translation framework,” Mach. Transl., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 205–258, Dec. 2009. doi: 10.1007/s10590-009-9054-9
136. K. Shaalan, H. Talhami, and I. Kamel, “Automatic morphological generation for the indexing of Arabic speech recordings,” Int. J. Comput. Process. Orient. Lang., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2007. doi: 10.1142/S0219427907001561
137. C. Chang, M. Kayed, M. Girgis, and K. Shaalan, “A survey of web information extraction systems,” IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 1411–1428, Oct. 2006. doi: 10.1109/TKDE.2006.152
138. K. Shaalan and H. Talhami, “Arabic error feedback in an online Arabic learning system,” Res. Comput. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 203–212, 2006. [Online]. Available: http://www.cicling.org/2006/RCS-18/RCS-18-Page203.pdf
139. K. Shaalan, “Arabic GramCheck: A grammar checker for Arabic,” Softw. Pract. Exper., vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 643–665, Jun. 2005. doi: 10.1002/spe.653
140. K. Shaalan, “An intelligent computer assisted language learning system for Arabic learners,” Comput. Assist. Lang. Learn., vol. 18, no. 1–2, pp. 81–108, Feb. 2005. doi: 10.1080/09588220500132399
141. M. Abo Khozium, H. Hassan, K. Shaalan, and M. Riad, “A prototype for an intelligent information system for jamming and anti-jamming applications of electromagnetic spectrum,” Egypt. Inform. J., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 116–135, Dec. 2004.
142. K. Shaalan, M. El-Badry, and A. Rafea, “A multiagent approach for diagnostic expert systems via the internet,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2004. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2003.12.018
143. K. Shaalan, A. Rafea, A. Abdel Monem, and H. Baraka, “Machine translation of English noun phrases into Arabic,” Int. J. Comput. Process. Orient. Lang., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 121–134, 2004. doi: 10.1142/S021942790400105X
144. K. Shaalan, M. Rizk, Y. Abdelhamid, and R. Bahgat, “An expert system for the best weight distribution on ferryboats,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 397–411, 2004. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2003.09.010
145. A. Ibraheem, K. Shaalan, M. Riad, and G. Darwish, “A model and supporting mechanism for item evaluation in distance learning-based environment,” Egypt. Inform. J., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 169–188, Dec. 2003.
146. K. Shaalan, “Development of computer-assisted language learning system for Arabic using natural language processing techniques,” Egypt. Inform. J., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 131–155, Dec. 2003.
147. M. El-Sedeek, K. Shaalan, S. Mabrouk, and A. Rafea, “A hybrid analogical learning system and its application in employment accidents domain,” Sci. Bull., Part III: Electr. Eng., Fac. Eng., Ain Shams Univ., vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 445–467, Jun. 2003.
148. S. Shafic, K. Shaalan, and A. Rafea, “Macro association rule discovery: Impact of environmental indicators changes on life assurance business,” Egypt. Inform. J., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 96–114, Dec. 2002.
149. K. Shaalan, M. Riad, A. Amer, and H. Baraka, “Speculative work in neural network forecasting: An application to Egyptian cotton production,” Egypt. Comput. J., Fac. Grad. Stud. Stat. Res., Cairo Univ., vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 58–79, 1999.
150. K. Shaalan, M. Rafea, and A. Rafea, “KROL: A knowledge representation object language on top of Prolog,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 15, pp. 33–46, 1998. doi: 10.1016/S0957-4174(98)00009-8
151. A. El-Korany, K. Shaalan, H. Baraka, and A. Rafea, “An approach for automating the verification of KADS-based expert systems,” New Rev. Appl. Expert Syst., vol. 4, pp. 107–124, 1998.
152. A. Rafea and K. Shaalan, “Using expert systems as a training tool in the agriculture sector in Egypt,” Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 343–349, 1996. doi: 10.1016/S0957-4174(96)00049-8
153. K. Shaalan, S. Haridi, S. El-Gamal, and A. Rafea, “AKL+: A concurrent language based on object-oriented and logic programming paradigms,” Egypt. Comput. J., Fac. Grad. Stud. Stat. Res., Cairo Univ., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 30–51, 1995.
154. A. Rafea and K. Shaalan, “Lexical analysis of inflected Arabic words using exhaustive search of an augmented transition network,” Softw. Pract. Exper., vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 567–588, Jun. 1993. doi: 10.1002/spe.4380230602

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BOOK CHAPTERS

Contents IEEE-Formatted Book Chapters References‎

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1. S. A. Salloum, A. Al-Marzouqi, T. Gaber, R. Masa’deh, and K. Shaalan, “Foundations and Frontiers: The Evolution and Impact of Generative AI Technologies,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 3–12. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_1.
2. ‎S. A. Salloum, R. Masa’deh, H. M. Taleb, and K. Shaalan, “Analyzing Movie Tag Relevance and Patterns Using Machine Learning,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 239–249. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_15.
3. O. Al Khasoneh, K. Alhumaid, S. A. Salloum, R. Masa’deh, R. Abousamra, and K. Shaalan, “Analyzing Digital Marketing Strategies for SMEs Using Machine Learning,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 301–315. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_19.
4. S. A. Salloum, R. Alfaisal, A. Abdullah, H. M. Taleb, R. Masa’deh, and K. Shaalan, “Generative Models for Fashion Design: Women’s Clothing Category Generation Using GANs and Evaluation Metrics,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 347–359. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_22.
5. S. A. Salloum, R. Masa’deh, H. M. Taleb, and K. Shaalan, “Clustering and Feature Extraction for Interior Design Images Using Machine Learning and Dimensionality Reduction Techniques,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 377–398. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_24.
6. S. A. Salloum, R. Masa’deh, H. M. Taleb, and K. Shaalan, “Dimensionality Reduction and Clustering of Interior Design Images Using t-SNE and UMAP,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 399–410. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_25.
7. S. A. Salloum, A. Q. M. AlHamad, R. Masa’deh, A. Elnekiti, and K. Shaalan, “Predicting Player Performance in Sports: A Simulation System and Machine Learning Approach,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 413–432. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_26.
8. S. A. Salloum, R. Masa’deh, A. M. Al-Zoghb, and K. Shaalan, “Optimizing Crop Recommendation Using Machine Learning: An Analytical Study Based on Smart Agricultural Data,” in Generative AI in Creative Industries, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and R. Masa’deh, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1208, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 637–650. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-89175-5_40.
9. M. Salem, A. Mohamed, and K. Shaalan, “Transformer Models in Natural Language Processing: A Comprehensive Review and Prospects for Future Development,” in Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics (AISI 2025), A. E. Hassanien, R. Y. Rizk, A. Darwish, M. T. R. Alshurideh, V. Snášel, and M. F. Tolba, Eds., Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol. 238, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2025, pp. 463–472. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-81308-5_42.
10. A. Mohamed, R. Faisal, and K. Shaalan, “Exploring the Impact of AI-Driven Virtual Assistants in AR and VR Environments for Special Needs Education: A Quantitative Analysis,” in Extended Reality. XR Salento 2024, L. T. De Paolis, P. Arpaia, and M. Sacco, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 15030, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 113–127. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-71713-0_8.
11. M. Salem and K. Shaalan, “ChatGPT: Advancing Education with Virtual Assistants,” in Business Intelligence and Information Technology. BIIT 2023, A. E. Hassanien, D. Zheng, Z. Zhao, and Z. Fan, Eds., Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 394, Singapore: Springer, 2024, pp. 283–293. doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-3980-6_25.
12. L. Zaid and K. Shaalan, “AI-Enabled Knowledge Management and Cybersecurity: Challenges, Opportunities, and Technological Implications,” in Business Intelligence and Information Technology. BIIT 2023, A. E. Hassanien, D. Zheng, Z. Zhao, and Z. Fan, Eds., Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 394, Singapore: Springer, 2024, pp. 295–305. doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-3980-6_26.
13. M. Salem and K. Shaalan, “Exploring Machine Learning’s Role in Education: A Comprehensive Review and Academic Implications,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 228–241. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_20.
14. S. A. Salloum, A. Basiouni, R. Alfaisal, A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Predicting Student Retention in Higher Education Using Machine Learning,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 197–206. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_17.
15. S. A. Salloum, A. Salloum, R. Alfaisal, A. Basiouni, and K. Shaalan, “Predicting Student Adaptability to Online Education Using Machine Learning,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 187–196. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_16.
16. S. A. Salloum, R. Alfaisal, A. Basiouni, K. Shaalan, and A. Salloum, “Effectiveness of Logistic Regression for Sentiment Analysis of Tweets About the Metaverse,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 32–41. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_3.
17. S. A. Salloum, A. Salloum, K. Shaalan, R. Alfaisal, and A. Basiouni, “Comparative Analysis of Classical Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Students’ Exam Performance,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 219–227. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_19.
18. S. A. Salloum, K. Shaalan, A. Basiouni, A. Salloum, and R. Alfaisal, “Building and Evaluating a Chatbot Using a University FAQs Dataset,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 207–218. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_18.
19. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “A Transformer-Based Generative AI Model in Education: Fine-Tuning BERT for Domain-Specific in Student Advising,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 165–174. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_14.
20. M. Binhammad and K. Shaalan, “A Statistical Analysis to Investigate the Factors Affecting Generative AI Use in Education and Its Impacts on Social Sustainability Using SPSS,” in Breaking Barriers with Generative Intelligence. Using GI to Improve Human Education and Well-Being. BBGI 2024, A. Basiouni and C. Frasson, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 2162, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024, pp. 175–186. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65996-6_15.
21. S. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “The Key Challenges in Educational Advising Chatbot Dialogue System,” in Innovation in the University 4.0 System Based on Smart Technologies, S. K. Gupta and J. Rosak-Szyrocka, Eds., 1st ed., Boca Raton, FL, USA: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2024. doi: 10.1201/9781003425809-5.
22. S. A. Fahad, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The Role of ChatGPT in Knowledge Sharing and Collaboration Within Digital Workplaces: A Systematic Review,” in Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Power and Dangers of ChatGPT in the Classroom, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Saidat, A. Aburayya, and B. Gupta, Eds., Studies in Big Data, vol. 144, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-52280-2_17.
23. A. Sherif, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Systematic Review for Knowledge Management in Industry 4.0 and ChatGPT Applicability as a Tool,” in Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Power and Dangers of ChatGPT in the Classroom, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Saidat, A. Aburayya, and B. Gupta, Eds., Studies in Big Data, vol. 144, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-52280-2_19.
24. M. Salem, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Exploiting AI’s Potential in Knowledge Management,” in Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Power and Dangers of ChatGPT in the Classroom, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Saidat, A. Aburayya, and B. Gupta, Eds., Studies in Big Data, vol. 144, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-52280-2_18.
25. M. R. Al Saidat, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Exploring the Interpretability of Sequential Predictions Through Rationale Model,” in Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Power and Dangers of ChatGPT in the Classroom, A. Al-Marzouqi, S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Saidat, A. Aburayya, and B. Gupta, Eds., Studies in Big Data, vol. 144, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-52280-2_2.
26. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “A Systematic Review of Conversational AI Chatbots in Academic Advising,” in BUiD Doctoral Research Conference 2023, K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, S. A. David, and M. Al-Emran, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 473, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-56121-4_33.
27. B. A. AlAzzam, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Towards Gulf Emirati Dialect Corpus from Social Media,” in BUiD Doctoral Research Conference 2023, K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, S. A. David, and M. Al-Emran, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 473, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-56121-4_27.
28. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Enhancing Student Services: Machine Learning Chatbot Intent Recognition for High School Inquiries,” in BUiD Doctoral Research Conference 2023, K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, S. A. David, and M. Al-Emran, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 473, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-56121-4_24.
29. S. Abdulla, S. Muammar, and K. Shaalan, “Pre-training on Multi-modal for Improved Persona Detection Using Multi Datasets,” in BUiD Doctoral Research Conference 2023, K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, S. A. David, and M. Al-Emran, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 473, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2024. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-56121-4_22.
30. K. J. Abdelqader, A. Mohamed, and K. Shaalan, “Systematic Review of Automatic Arabic Text Summarization Techniques,” in Business Intelligence and Information Technology. 2022, A. E. Hassanien, D. Zheng, Z. Zhao, and Z. Fan, Eds., Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 358, Singapore: Springer, 2023, pp. 783–796. doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-3416-4_63.
31. S. AL-Sarayreh, A. Mohamed, and K. Shaalan, “Challenges and Solutions for Arabic Natural Language Processing in Social Media,” in Business Intelligence and Information Technology. 2022, A. E. Hassanien, D. Zheng, Z. Zhao, and Z. Fan, Eds., Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 358, Singapore: Springer, 2023, pp. 293–302. doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-3416-4_24.
32. H. Yousuf, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Evaluating Individuals’ Cybersecurity Behavior in Mobile Payment Contactless Technologies: Extending TPB with Cybersecurity Awareness,” in HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust. HCII 2023, A. Moallem, Ed., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 14045, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2023. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-35822-7_35.
33. G. Bilquise and K. Shaalan, “Critical Success Factors of Knowledge Management in Higher Education: A Systematic Review,” in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2022), M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. Al-Emran, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 584, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2023, pp. 228–239. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-25274-7_19.
34. S. Ibrahim and K. Shaalan, “A Systematic Review of Knowledge Management Integration in Higher Educational Institution with an Emphasis on a Blended Learning Environment,” in Int. Conf. Information Systems and Intelligent Applications (ICISIA 2022), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 550, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2023, pp. 319–339. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-16865-9_25.
35. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, and K. Shaalan, “Outlier Detection for Customs Post Clearance Audit Using Convex Space Representation,” in Recent Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1061, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-14748-7_19.
36. A. Mohammad, M. Zahrawi, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A Systematic Review on the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence Techniques and Knowledge Management Processes,” in Recent Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1061, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022, pp. 67–83. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-14748-7_4.
37. O. Habeh, F. Thekrallah, and K. Shaalan, “Efficiency and Effectiveness of CRM Solutions in Public Sector: A Case Study from a Government Entity in Dubai,” in Recent Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1061, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-14748-7_21.
38. S. Al-Sarayrah, D. Abulail, and K. Shaalan, “Understanding the Impact of the Ontology of Semantic Web in Knowledge Representation: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1061, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-14748-7_16.
39. S. AlShamsi, L. AlSuwaidi, and K. Shaalan, “Robotics and AI in Healthcare: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1061, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-14748-7_18.
40. F. Suhail, M. Adel, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A Bibliometric Analysis on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare,” in Augmented Intelligence in Healthcare: A Pragmatic and Integrated Analysis, S. Mishra, H. K. Tripathy, P. Mallick, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1024, Singapore: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-1076-0_1.
41. A. M. Alsharhan, H. R. Almansoori, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Three Mars Missions from Three Countries: Multilingual Sentiment Analysis Using VADER,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Advanced Machine Learning and Technologies and Applications (AMLTA 2022), A. E. Hassanien, R. Y. Rizk, V. Snášel, and R. F. Abdel-Kader, Eds., Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol. 113, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-03918-8_32.
42. S. Al Mansoori and K. Shaalan, “Predicting the Road Accidents Severity Using Artificial Neural Network,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Advanced Machine Learning and Technologies and Applications (AMLTA 2022), A. E. Hassanien, R. Y. Rizk, V. Snášel, and R. F. Abdel-Kader, Eds., Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol. 113, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-03918-8_22.
43. A. A. AlQudah and K. Shaalan, “Extending UTAUT to Understand the Acceptance of Queue Management Technology by Physicians in UAE,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_77.
44. F. H. Mezahem, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Applying Knowledge Map System for Sharing Knowledge in an Organization,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_80.
45. D. Ahmed, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Implementing Knowledge Management in an IT Startup: A Case Study,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_59.
46. K. S. Unnithan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Analyzing Tweet Data to Identify the Impact of Demonetarization,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_7.
47. A. Wahdan, S. Hantoobi, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Early Detecting Students at Risk Using Machine Learning Predictive Models,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_27.
48. M. Abdulla, O. Khalid, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Managing Knowledge in Social Media,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_60.
49. A. M. Alsharhan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Implementing a Talent Management System in a Group of Companies—A Case Study from UAE,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_62.
50. D. Ahmed, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Sentiment Analysis of Arabic COVID-19 Tweets,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_50.
51. F. A. Bazargan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Use of Multi Agent Knowledge Management System in Technology Service Providers,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_81.
52. R. Bayari, A. A. Al Shamsi, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Impact of Knowledge Management on Organizational Performance,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_82.
53. M. Abdulla, O. Khalid, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “A Comprehensive Analytical Case Study on Plisse Fashion Design L.L.C.,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_79.
54. A. Wahdan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Qualitative Study in Natural Language Processing: Text Classification,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_8.
55. F. Almatrooshi, S. Alhammadi, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Case Study: The Implications of Knowledge Management Tools on the Process of Overcoming COVID-19,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 322, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85990-9_49.
56. J. Nelci, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “An Overview of Sentiment Analysis with Dialectical Processing,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 299, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-82616-1_1.
57. R. Z. AlMazrouei, J. Nelci, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Feasibility of Using Attention Mechanism in Abstractive Summarization,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 299, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-82616-1_2.
58. F. Almatrooshi, S. Alhammadi, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Text and Web Content Mining: A Systematic Review,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems (ICETIS 2021), M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, M. N. Al-Kabi, and K. Shaalan, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol. 299, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-82616-1_8.
59. S. Salloum, T. Gaber, S. Vadera, and K. Shaalan, “Phishing Website Detection from URLs Using Classical Machine Learning ANN Model,” in Security and Privacy in Communication Networks. SecureComm 2021, J. Garcia-Alfaro, S. Li, R. Poovendran, H. Debar, and M. Yung, Eds., Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol. 399, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-90022-9_28.
60. H. Yousuf, M. Gaid, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Case Study of ERP Implementation in Ceramic Company,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision (AICV 2021), A. E. Hassanien et al., Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1377, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-76346-6_68.
61. M. Gaid, H. Yousuf, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Implementing Sequence to Sequence Neural Networks Using C#.Net,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision (AICV 2021), A. E. Hassanien et al., Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1377, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-76346-6_66.
62. A. AlQudah, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The Role of Technology Acceptance in Healthcare to Mitigate COVID-19 Outbreak,” in Emerging Technologies During the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic, I. Arpaci, M. Al-Emran, M. A. Al-Sharafi, and G. Marques, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 348, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 223–244. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-67716-9_14.
63. S. Hantoobi, A. Wahdan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Smart Vision of School Classroom,” in Advanced Machine Learning Technologies and Applications. AMLTA 2021, A. E. Hassanien, K. C. Chang, and T. Mincong, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1339, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 525–537. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-69717-4_50.
64. A. Wahdan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Text Classification of Arabic Text: Deep Learning in ANLP,” in Advanced Machine Learning Technologies and Applications. AMLTA 2021, A. E. Hassanien, K. C. Chang, and T. Mincong, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1339, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 95–103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-69717-4_10.
65. S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, M. Habes, M. Alghizzawi, M. A. Ghani, and K. Shaalan, “What Impacts the Acceptance of E-learning Through Social Media? An Empirical Study,” in Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 335, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 419–431. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_24.
66. D. Ahmed, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Knowledge Management in Startups and SMEs: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 335, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 389–409. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_22.
67. A. Mohdhar and K. Shaalan, “The Future of E-Commerce Systems: 2030 and Beyond,” in Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 335, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 311–330. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_18.
68. S. Hantoobi, A. Wahdan, S. A. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Integration of Knowledge Management in a Virtual Learning Environment: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 335, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 247–272. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_15.
69. S. Hantoobi, A. Wahdan, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A Review of Learning Analytics Studies,” in Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories, M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 335, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 119–134. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_8.
70. S. Almansoori, M. AlShamsi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Critical Review of Knowledge Management in Healthcare,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 99–119. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_6.
71. O. Habeh, F. Thekrallah, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Knowledge Sharing Challenges and Solutions Within Software Development Team: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 121–141. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_7.
72. S. Areed, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The Role of Knowledge Management Processes for Enhancing and Supporting Innovative Organizations: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 143–161. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_8.
73. S. Al Mansoori, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technologies on the Efficiency of Knowledge Management at Modern Organizations: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 163–182. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_9.
74. I. Arpaci, M. Al-Emran, M. Al-Sharafi, and K. Shaalan, “A Novel Approach for Predicting the Adoption of Smartwatches Using Machine Learning Algorithms,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 185–195. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_10.
75. R. Al-Maroof, I. Arpaci, M. Al-Emran, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Examining the Acceptance of WhatsApp Stickers Through Machine Learning Algorithms,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 209–221. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_12.
76. M. AlShuweihi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Biomedical Corpora and Natural Language Processing on Clinical Text in Languages Other Than English: A Systematic Review,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 491–509. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_27.
77. H. Yousuf, M. Lahzi, S. Salloum, and K. Shaalan, “Systematic Review on Fully Homomorphic Encryption Scheme and Its Application,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 537–551. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_29.
78. M. Juma and K. Shaalan, “Online Social Network Analysis for Cybersecurity Awareness,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 585–614. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_32.
79. Z. Alkashri, O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, and K. Shaalan, “Mining Dubai Government Tweets to Analyze Citizens’ Engagement,” in Recent Advances in Intelligent Systems and Smart Applications, M. Al-Emran, K. Shaalan, and A. Hassanien, Eds., Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 295, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 615–638. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47411-9_33.
80. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, Z. Alkashri, and K. Shaalan, “Users’ Knowledge and Motivation on Using Cryptocurrency,” in Information Systems. EMCIS 2019, M. Themistocleous and M. Papadaki, Eds., Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 381, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 113–122. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44322-1_9.
81. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, Z. Alkashri, and K. Shaalan, “Cryptocurrency Usage Impact on Perceived Benefits and Users’ Behaviour,” in Information Systems. EMCIS 2019, M. Themistocleous and M. Papadaki, Eds., Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 381, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 123–136. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44322-1_10.
82. F. Altaheri and K. Shaalan, “Exploring Machine Learning Models to Predict Harmonized System Code,” in Information Systems. EMCIS 2019, M. Themistocleous and M. Papadaki, Eds., Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 381, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 291–303. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44322-1_22.
83. H. Juma, K. Shaalan, and I. Kamel, “Customs-Based Distributed Risk Assessment Method,” in Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Programming (PAAP 2019), H. Shen and Y. Sang, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 1163, Singapore: Springer, 2020, pp. 417–429. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-2767-8_37.
84. H. Juma, K. Shaalan, and I. Kamel, “Customs-Based Blockchain Solution for Exportation Protection,” in Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Programming (PAAP 2019), H. Shen and Y. Sang, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 1163, Singapore: Springer, 2020, pp. 405–416. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-2767-8_36.
85. S. Areed, O. Alqaryouti, B. Siyam, and K. Shaalan, “Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis for Arabic Government Reviews,” in Recent Advances in NLP: The Case of Arabic Language, M. Abd Elaziz, M. Al-qaness, A. Ewees, and A. Dahou, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 874, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 143–162. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-34614-0_8.
86. A. A. Saa, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Mining Student Information System Records to Predict Students’ Academic Performance,” in The Int. Conf. Advanced Machine Learning Technologies and Applications (AMLTA 2019), A. Hassanien, A. Azar, T. Gaber, R. Bhatnagar, and M. F. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 921, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 229–239. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-14118-9_23.
87. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, M. Habes, M. Alghizzawi, M. Abd. Ghani, and K. Shaalan, “Understanding the Impact of Social Media Practices on E-Learning Systems Acceptance,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019 (AISI 2019), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1058, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 360–369. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31129-2_33.
88. R. Al-Maroof, S. Salloum, A. AlHamad, and K. Shaalan, “A Unified Model for the Use and Acceptance of Stickers in Social Media Messaging,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2020 (AISI 2019), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1058, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 370–381. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31129-2_34.
89. M. Juma and K. Shaalan, “Cyber-Physical Systems in Smart City: Challenges and Future Trends for Strategic Research,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2019 (AISI 2019), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1058, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, pp. 855–865. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31129-2_78.
90. K. Shaalan, S. Siddiqui, M. Alkhatib, and A. Abdel Monem, “Challenges in Arabic Natural Language Processing,” in Computational Linguistics, Speech and Image Processing for Arabic Language, N. El Gayar and C. Y. Suen, Eds., Series on Language Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Intelligent Systems, vol. 4, World Scientific, Nov. 2018, pp. 59–83. doi: 10.1142/9789813229396_0003.
91. A. Ahmed, Y. Hifny, K. Shaalan, and S. Toral, “End-to-End Lexicon Free Arabic Speech Recognition Using Recurrent Neural Networks,” in Computational Linguistics, Speech and Image Processing for Arabic Language, N. El Gayar and C. Y. Suen, Eds., Series on Language Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Intelligent Systems, vol. 4, World Scientific, 2018, pp. 231–248. doi: 10.1142/9789813229396_0011.
92. O. Alqaryouti, N. Siyam, Z. Alkashri, and K. Shaalan, “A Sentiment Analysis Lexical Resource and Dataset for Government Smart Apps Domain,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2018 (AISI 2018), A. Hassanien, M. Tolba, K. Shaalan, and A. Azar, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 845, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019, pp. 230–240. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99010-1_21.
93. S. A. Salloum and K. Shaalan, “Factors Affecting Students’ Acceptance of E-Learning System in Higher Education Using UTAUT and Structural Equation Modeling Approaches,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2018 (AISI 2018), A. Hassanien, M. Tolba, K. Shaalan, and A. Azar, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 845, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019, pp. 469–480. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99010-1_43.
94. S. A. Salloum and K. Shaalan, “Adoption of E-Book for University Students,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2018 (AISI 2018), A. Hassanien, M. Tolba, K. Shaalan, and A. Azar, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 845, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2019, pp. 481–494. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99010-1_44.
95. S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “The Impact of Knowledge Sharing on Information Systems: A Review,” in Knowledge Management in Organizations (KMO 2018), L. Uden, B. Hadzima, and I. H. Ting, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 877, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 94–106. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95204-8_9.
96. K. M. Alomari, C. Ncube, and K. Shaalan, “Predicting Success of a Mobile Game: A Proposed Data Analytics-Based Prediction Model,” in Recent Trends and Future Technology in Applied Intelligence (IEA/AIE 2018), M. Mouhoub, S. Sadaoui, O. Ait Mohamed, and M. Ali, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10868, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 127–134. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-92058-0_12.
97. S. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Using Text Mining Techniques for Extracting Information from Research Articles,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 373–397. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_18.
98. A. Ahmed, Y. Hifny, S. Toral, and K. Shaalan, “A Call Center Agent Productivity Modeling Using Discriminative Approaches,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 501–520. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_24.
99. S. Siddiqui, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Evaluation and Enrichment of Arabic Sentiment Analysis,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 17–34. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_2.
100. M. Alkhatib and K. Shaalan, “The Key Challenges for Arabic Machine Translation,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 139–156. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_8.
101. S. Ray, A. Ahmad, and K. Shaalan, “A Review of the State of the Art in Hindi Question Answering Systems,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 265–292. [DOI not provided].
102. S. Said, A. AlHamad, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “A Survey of Arabic Text Mining,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 417–431. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_20.
103. O. Alqaryouti, H. Khwileh, T. Farouk, A. Nabhan, and K. Shaalan, “Graph-Based Keyword Extraction,” in Intelligent Natural Language Processing: Trends and Applications, K. Shaalan, A. Hassanien, and F. Tolba, Eds., Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 740, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 159–172. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67056-0_9.
104. R. Ghoniem and K. Shaalan, “FCSR – Fuzzy Continuous Speech Recognition Approach for Identifying Laryngeal Pathologies Using New Weighted Spectrum Features,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017 (AISI 2017), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 639, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 384–395. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64861-3_36.
105. A. J. Salem Al Mukhaiti, S. Siddiqui, and K. Shaalan, “Dataset Built for Arabic Sentiment Analysis,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017 (AISI 2017), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 639, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 406–416. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64861-3_38.
106. K. Ezzeldin, S. Siddiqui, and K. Shaalan, “Evaluating Arabic Parser and Recommending Improvements,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017 (AISI 2017), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 639, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 417–428. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64861-3_39.
107. M. Juma, A. A. Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Development of an Arabic Questions Answering App for Android Smartphones,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017 (AISI 2017), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 639, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 511–524. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64861-3_48.
108. S. A. Salloum, M. Al-Emran, S. Abdallah, and K. Shaalan, “Analyzing the Arab Gulf Newspapers Using Text Mining Techniques,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017 (AISI 2017), A. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, and M. Tolba, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 639, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, pp. 396–405. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-64861-3_37.
109. K. Alomari, H. ElSherif, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic Tweets Sentimental Analysis using Machine Learning,” in Advances in Artificial Intelligence: From Theory to Practice, S. Benferhat, K. Tabia, and M. Ali, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10350, Cham: Springer, 2017, pp. 602–610. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-60042-0_66.
110. R. A. Samrah, K. Shaalan, and A. A. Ali, “System Dynamics Modeling for the Complexity of Knowledge Creation Within Adaptive Large Programs Management,” in Recent Advances in Information Systems and Technologies, Á. Rocha, A. Correia, H. Adeli, L. Reis, and S. Costanzo, Eds., Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 569, Cham: Springer, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-56535-4_1.
111. S. Siddiqui, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Towards Improving Sentiment Analysis in Arabic,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 533, A. E. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, A. Ahmad, and F. Tolba, Eds., Springer, 2017, pp. 114–123. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-48308-5_12.
112. M. Alkhatib and K. Shaalan, “Natural Language Processing for Arabic Metaphors: A Conceptual Approach,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 533, A. E. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, A. Ahmad, and F. Tolba, Eds., Springer, 2017, pp. 170–181. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-48308-5_17.
113. A. Ahmed, H. Yasser, K. Shaalan, and S. Toral, “Lexicon Free Arabic Speech Recognition Recipe,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 533, A. E. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, A. Ahmad, and F. Tolba, Eds., Springer, 2017, pp. 147–159. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-48308-5_15.
114. A. Ahmed, S. Toral, and K. Shaalan, “Agent Productivity Measurement in Call Center Using Machine Learning,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 533, A. E. Hassanien, K. Shaalan, T. Gaber, A. Ahmad, and F. Tolba, Eds., Springer, 2017, pp. 160–169. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-48308-5_16.
115. R. Abou Samra and K. Shaalan, “A Conceptual Model of the Relationship Between Aligned Innovations and Sustainable Development for Project-Based Organizations,” in Leadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Driving Forces of the Global Economy: Proc. 2016 Int. Conf. Leadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ICLIE), R. Benlamri and M. Sparer, Eds., Springer, 2017, pp. 211–222. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-43434-6_17.
116. K. Alomari, T. Soomro, and K. Shaalan, “Mobile Gaming Trends and Revenue Models,” in Trends in Applied Knowledge-Based Systems and Data Science: Proc. 29th Int. Conf. Industrial Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems (IEA/AIE 2016), F. Hamido, A. Moonis, A. Selamat, S. Jun, and K. Masaki, Eds., Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, vol. 9799, Springer, 2016, pp. 671–683. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-42007-3_58.
117. A. Nabhan and K. Shaalan, “Keyword identification using text graphlet patterns,” in Natural Language to Information Systems: 21st Int. Conf. Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2016), E. Métais, F. Meziane, M. Saraee, V. Sugumaran, and S. Vadera, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9612, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 2016, pp. 131–142. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41754-7_13.
118. S. Siddiqui, A. Abdel Monem, and K. Shaalan, “Sentiment Analysis in Arabic,” in Natural Language to Information Systems: 21st Int. Conf. Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2016), E. Métais, F. Meziane, M. Saraee, V. Sugumaran, and S. Vadera, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9612, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 2016, pp. 429–440. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41754-7_41.
119. R. Abou Samrah and K. Shaalan, “The Relationship between Knowledge Sharing Climate and Conflict Resolution Styles,” in Knowledge Management in Organizations, L. Uden, M. Heričko, and I. Ting, Eds., Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 224, pp. 176–189, Springer, 2015. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-21009-4_14.
120. A. Al-Zoghby and K. Shaalan, “Conceptual Search for Arabic Web Content,” in Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing (CICLing), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9042, pp. 405–416, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-18117-2_30.
121. M. Meselhi, H. Abo Bakr, I. Ziedan, and K. Shaalan, “A Novel Hybrid Approach to Arabic Named Entity Recognition,” in Machine Translation, X. Shi and Y. Chen, Eds., Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 493, pp. 93–103, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-45701-6_9.
122. A. M. Owayid, K. Alrawi, and K. Shaalan, “Effectiveness of Information Systems Infrastructure and Team Learning in Integrating Knowledge Management and e-Learning Technologies,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Knowledge Management in Organizations (KMO 2014), L. Uden, L. S. L. Wang, J. M. Corchado Rodríguez, H.-C. Yang, and I.-H. Ting, Eds., Springer Proceedings in Complexity, pp. 557–566, Springer, Netherlands, 2014. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-7287-8_45.
123. M. Oudah and K. Shaalan, “Person Name Recognition Using the Hybrid Approach,” in Natural Language Processing and Information Systems, E. Métais, F. Meziane, M. Saraee, V. Sugumaran, and S. Vadera, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7934, pp. 237–248, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38824-8_20.
124. K. Shaalan, S. Al-Sheikh, and F. Oroumchian, “Query Expansion Based on Similarity of Terms for Improving Arabic Information Retrieval,” in Intelligent Information Processing VI, Z. Shi, D. Leake, and S. Vadera, Eds., IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology (AICT), vol. 385, pp. 167–176, Springer, Boston, 2012. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-32891-6_22.
125. K. Shaalan and A. Hossny, “Automatic Rule Induction in Arabic to English Machine Translation Framework,” in Challenges for Arabic Machine Translation, A. Soudi, A. Farghaly, G. Neumann, and R. Zbib, Eds., pp. 135–154, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. doi: 10.1075/nlp.9.08sha.
126. S. Abdallah, K. Shaalan, and M. Shoaib, “Integrating Rule-based System with Classification for Arabic Named Entity Recognition,” in Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing (CICLing), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7181, pp. 311–322, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28604-9_26.
127. K. Shaalan, M. Magdy, and A. Fahmy, “Morphological Analysis of Ill-formed Arabic Verbs for Second Language Learners,” in Applied Natural Language Processing: Identification, Investigation and Resolution, P. McCarthy and C. Boonthum, Eds., ch. 22, pp. 383–397, IGI Global, PA, USA, 2012. doi: 10.4018/978-1-60960-741-8.ch022.
128. K. Shaalan, A. Hendam, and A. Rafea, “An English-Arabic Bi-Directional Machine Translation Tool in the Agriculture Domain: A Rule-based Transfer Approach for Translating Expert Systems,” in Intelligent Information Processing V, Z. Shi et al., Eds., IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology (AICT), vol. 340, pp. 281–290, Springer, Boston, USA, 2010. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-16327-2_34.
129. A. Damankesh, F. Oroumchian, and K. Shaalan, “Multilingual Information Filtering by Human Plausible Reasoning,” in Multilingual Information Access Evaluation I. Text Retrieval Experiments, Proc. 10th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2009), Corfu, Greece, Sep. 30–Oct. 2, 2009, C. Peters, G. Di Nunzio, M. Kurimo, T. Mandl, D. Mostefa, A. Peñas, and G. Roda, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6241, pp. 366–373, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-15754-7_44.
130. K. Shaalan and H. Raza, “Arabic Named Entity Recognition from Diverse Text Types,” in GoTAL 2008: Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Natural Language Processing, Gothenburg, Sweden, Aug. 25–27, B. Nordström and A. Ranta, Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science / Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (LNCS/LNAI), vol. 5221, pp. 440–451, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2008. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-85287-2_42.
131. K. Shaalan, A. Monem, and A. Rafea, “Arabic Morphological Generation from Interlingua: A Rule-based Approach,” in Intelligent Information Processing, Z. Shi, K. Shimohara, and D. Feng, Eds., IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol. 228, pp. 441–451, Springer, Boston, USA, 2007. Also in Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Intelligent Information Processing, Adelaide, Australia, Sep. 20–23, 2007. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-44641-7_46.

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CONFERENCE & WORKSHOP PAPERS

Contents IEEE-Formatted Conference References‎

CLICK on the doi/url link to access the published version

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1. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, K. Shaalan, and S. Alsayed, “HSGAdviser: AI Speech Assistant for Enabling Sustainable Education Solutions,” in Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Computational Intelligence Approaches and Applications (ICCIAA), Amman, Jordan, 2025, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICCIAA65327.2025.11013058.
2. M. Chabane, F. Harrag, K. Shaalan, and S. Hamdi, “Bridging the Gap: Transfer Learning for Dialect Identification in Low-Resource Settings—A Case Study with Algerian Arabic,” in Proc. Int. Symp. iNnovative Informatics of Biskra (ISNIB), Biskra, Algeria, 2025, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ISNIB64820.2025.10982839.
3. S. Salloum, F. Lin, A. Basiouni, R. Alfaisal, and K. Shaalan, “Harnessing Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentiment Analysis of Tweets on the Metaverse,” in Proc. 2024 IEEE Smart World Congress (SWC), Nadi, Fiji, 2024, pp. 2280–2284. doi: 10.1109/SWC62898.2024.00347.
4. S. Salloum, A. Basiouni, F. Lin, R. Alfaisal, and K. Shaalan, “Modeling of All Mutant and Wild Protein Structures Using Metaverse ESM: Surface Area Analysis and Implications,” in Proc. 2024 IEEE Smart World Congress (SWC), Nadi, Fiji, 2024, pp. 2260–2264. doi: 10.1109/SWC62898.2024.00344.
5. M. R. Al Saidat, K. Shaalan, and S. Yemria, “Advancing Interpretability in Sequential Models Through Generative AI Rationalization Using GPT-4,” in Proc. BUiD Doctoral Research Conf. 2024 (BDRC 2024), K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, A. Awad, and A. Abubakar, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 587, pp. 31–42, Springer, Cham, 2025. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-84371-6_3.
6. S. K. Assayed, D. Woods, M. Alkahtib, and K. Shaalan, “Exploring AI Conversational Chatbot UX Design: Insights from High School,” in Proc. BUiD Doctoral Research Conf. 2024 (BDRC 2024), K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, A. Awad, and A. Abubakar, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 587, pp. 219–230, Springer, Cham, 2025. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-84371-6_18.
7. R. Thomas, S. Yerima, and K. Shaalan, “Leveraging Network Traffic Byte-Streams for Machine Learning Based Early Botnet Attack Detection,” in Proc. BUiD Doctoral Research Conf. 2024 (BDRC 2024), K. Al Marri, F. A. Mir, A. Awad, and A. Abubakar, Eds., Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 587, pp. 295–307, Springer, Cham, 2025. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-84371-6_24.
8. R. Thomas, S. Y. Yerima, and K. Shaalan, “Botnet Detection Using Network Traffic Visualization and Histogram of Oriented Gradients,” in Proc. 2024 IEEE 16th Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Commun. Netw. (CICN), Indore, India, 2024, pp. 805–812, doi: 10.1109/CICN63059.2024.10847448.
9. S. Y. Yerima, P. Vinod, and K. Shaalan, “A Transformer Embedding-Based Model for Malicious DGA-Generated Domain Detection,” in Proc. 2024 IEEE 16th Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Commun. Netw. (CICN), Indore, India, 2024, pp. 537–541, doi: 10.1109/CICN63059.2024.10847389.
10. M. Chabane, F. Harrag, and K. Shaalan, “Beyond Deep Learning: A Two-Stage Approach to Classifying Disaster Events and Needs,” in Proc. 2024 Int. Conf. Inf. Commun. Technol. Disaster Manag. (ICT-DM), Setif, Algeria, 2024, pp. 1–7, doi: 10.1109/ICT-DM62768.2024.10798928.
11. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Transforming Student Advising in Smart Cities: A Deep Learning Conversational AI Chatbot,” in Proc. 2024 Mediterranean Smart Cities Conf. (MSCC), Martil – Tetuan, Morocco, 2024, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/MSCC62288.2024.10696988.
12. S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, R. Alfaisal, A. Salloum, and T. Gaber, “Integrating ChatGPT into Medical Education: A Combined SEM-ML Approach,” in Proc. 2024 Int. Conf. Adv. Smart, Secure Intell. Comput. (ASSIC), Bhubaneswar, India, 2024, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ASSIC60049.2024.10507994.
13. S. Salloum, K. Shaalan, R. Alfaisal, A. Salloum, and T. Gaber, “Exploring the Metaverse: A Novel AI-Based Approach to Medical Training for Dental Students,” in Proc. 2024 Int. Conf. Adv. Smart, Secure Intell. Comput. (ASSIC), Bhubaneswar, India, 2024, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ASSIC60049.2024.10508013.
14. M. Alaqtash, S. Al-Agtash, and K. Shaalan, “Microgrid Intelligent Agent Control,” in Proc. 2023 Congr. Comput. Sci., Comput. Eng. Appl. Comput. (CSCE), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 2023, pp. 53–57, doi: 10.1109/CSCE60160.2023.00014.
15. K. Tahat et al., “Uncovering the Share Fake News on Social Media During Crisis,” in Proc. 2023 10th Int. Conf. Social Netw. Anal., Manag. Security (SNAMS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2023, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/SNAMS60348.2023.10375458.
16. O. Hosam, R. Abousamra, A. Ghonim, and K. Shaalan, “Utilizing Machine Learning to Develop Cloud-Based Apprenticeship Programs Aligned with Labor Market Demands,” in Proc. 2023 IEEE 10th Int. Conf. Cyber Secur. Cloud Comput. (CSCloud)/IEEE 9th Int. Conf. Edge Comput. Scalable Cloud (EdgeCom), Xiangtan, Hunan, China, 2023, pp. 446–451, doi: 10.1109/CSCloud-EdgeCom58631.2023.00082.
17. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Advising Chatbot for High School in Smart Cities,” in Proc. 2023 8th Int. Conf. Smart Sustain. Technol. (SpliTech), Split/Bol, Croatia, 2023, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.23919/SpliTech58164.2023.10193065.
18. S. K. Assayed, M. Alkhatib, and K. Shaalan, “Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbot for Promoting Equality in High School Advising,” in Proc. 2023 4th Int. Conf. Intell. Eng. Manag. (ICIEM), London, United Kingdom, 2023, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/ICIEM59379.2023.10167112.
19. A. Boutadjine, F. Harrag, K. Shaalan, and S. Karboua, “A Comprehensive Study on Multimedia DeepFakes,” in Proc. 2023 Int. Conf. Adv. Electron., Control Commun. Syst. (ICAECCS), Blida, Algeria, 2023, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ICAECCS56710.2023.10104814.
20. S. K. Assayed, K. Shaalan, M. Alkhatib, and S. Maghaydah, “Machine Learning Chatbot for Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 Tweets,” in Proc. 10th Int. Conf. Comput. Netw. Commun. (CCNET), Vancouver, Canada, Feb. 2023. doi: 10.5121/csit.2023.130404.
21. L. Saha, H. K. Tripathy, and K. Shaalan, “Adaptable Model Based on Ensemble Learning for Different Telecommunication Data,” in Proc. 2022 Int. Conf. Adv. Smart, Secure Intell. Comput. (ASSIC), Bhubaneswar, India, 2022, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ASSIC55218.2022.10088327.
22. G. F. Issa et al., “Brain Stroke Prediction Using ANN,” in Proc. 2022 Int. Conf. Cyber Resilience (ICCR), Dubai, UAE, 2022, pp. 1–9, doi: 10.1109/ICCR56254.2022.9995885.
23. M. S. Munir et al., “Use of Different Machine Learning Algorithms for Hate Speech Detection,” in Proc. 2022 Int. Conf. Cyber Resilience (ICCR), Dubai, UAE, 2022, pp. 1–7, doi: 10.1109/ICCR56254.2022.9995800.
24. M. Jarrar, E. Naser, M. Khalifa, and K. Shaalan, “Extracting Synonyms from Bilingual Dictionaries,” in Proc. 11th Global Wordnet Conf. (GWC), Global Wordnet Association, Jan. 2021, pp. 215–222. [Online]. Available: https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.gwc-1.25
25. M. Khalifa, M. Abdul-Mageed, and K. Shaalan, “Self-Training Pre-Trained Language Models for Zero- and Few-Shot Multi-Dialectal Arabic Sequence Labeling,” in Proc. 16th Conf. Eur. Chapter Assoc. Comput. Linguistics (EACL), Apr. 2021, pp. 769–782. [Online]. Available: https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.eacl-main.65
26. F. Almatrooshi, S. Alhammadi, S. Salloum, I. Akour, and K. Shaalan, “A Recommendation System for Diabetes Detection and Treatment,” in Proc. 2020 Int. Conf. Commun., Comput., Cybersecurity, Informatics (CCCI), Sharjah, UAE, 2020, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/CCCI49893.2020.9256676.
27. M. Alkhatib and K. Shaalan, “Boosting Arabic Named Entity Recognition Transliteration with Deep Learning,” in Proc. 33rd Int. FLAIRS Conf. (FLAIRS-33), Hollywood, FL, USA, May 17–20, 2020, pp. 484–487, [Online]. Available: AAAI Press. https://cdn.aaai.org/ocs/18485/18485-79425-1-PB.pdf
28. S. Salloum, M. Alshurideh, A. Elnagar, and K. Shaalan, “Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Cybersecurity: A Review,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artificial Intell. Comput. Vis. (AICV 2020), Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, vol. 1153, pp. 50–57, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44289-7_5.
29. S. Salloum, R. Khan, and K. Shaalan, “A Survey of Semantic Analysis Approaches,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artificial Intell. Comput. Vis. (AICV 2020), Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, vol. 1153, pp. 61–70, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44289-7_6.
30. S. Salloum, M. Alshurideh, A. Elnagar, and K. Shaalan, “Mining in Educational Data: Review and Future Directions,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artificial Intell. Comput. Vis. (AICV 2020), Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, vol. 1153, pp. 92–102, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44289-7_9.
31. D. Pavithran and K. Shaalan, “Towards Creating Public Key Authentication for IoT Blockchain,” in Proc. 2019 6th HCT Inf. Technol. Trends (ITT), Ras Al Khaimah, UAE, 2019, pp. 110–114, doi: 10.1109/ITT48889.2019.9075105.
32. D. Pavithran and K. Shaalan, “An Optimal Consensus Node Selection Process for IoT Blockchain,” in Proc. 2019 6th HCT Inf. Technol. Trends (ITT), Ras Al Khaimah, UAE, 2019, pp. 115–119, doi: 10.1109/ITT48889.2019.9075069.
33. H. ElSherif, K. Alomar, A. AlHamad, and K. Shaalan, “Arabic Rule-Based Named Entity Recognition System Using GATE,” in Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Machine Learning Data Mining (MLDM), vol. 1, New York, USA, Jul. 20–25, 2019, pp. 1–15. [Online]. Available: https://www.ibai-publishing.org/html/proceedings_2019/pdf/proceedings_book_mldm_2019_volume_1.pdf
34. M. AlKhatib, A. AleAhmad, M. El Barachi, F. Oroumchian, and K. Shaalan, “Analysing the Sentiments of Opinion Leaders in Relation to Smart Cities’ Major Events,” in Proc. 2019 4th Int. Conf. Smart Sustain. Technol. (SpliTech), Split, Croatia, 2019, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.23919/SpliTech.2019.8783039.
35. M. Alkhatib, M. El Barachi, and K. Shaalan, “Using Arabic Social Media Feeds for Incident and Emergency Management in Smart Cities,” in Proc. 2018 3rd Int. Conf. Smart Sustain. Technol. (SpliTech), Split, Croatia, 2018, pp. 1–6.
36. S. AlSheikh, K. Shaalan, and F. Meziane, “Consumers’ Trust and Popularity of Negative Posts in Social Media: A Case Study on the Integration Between B2C and C2C Business Models,” in Proc. 2017 Int. Conf. Behavioral, Economic, Socio-Cultural Comput. (BESC), Kraków, Poland, Oct. 16–18, 2017, pp. 1–6, IEEE.
37. H. Dali and K. Shaalan, “Knowledge Sharing Through E-Government Portal,” in Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Knowledge Management in Organizations (KMO ’16): The Changing Face of Knowledge Management Impacting Society, Hagen, Germany, 2016, Art. no. 34, pp. 1–8, Association for Computing Machinery, doi: 10.1145/2925995.2926009.
38. F. Al Attar and K. Shaalan, “Enablers and Barriers of Knowledge Spiral: A Case Study,” in Proc. 11th Int. Knowledge Management in Organizations Conf. (KMO ’16): The Changing Face of Knowledge Management Impacting Society, Hagen, Germany, 2016, Art. no. 52, pp. 1–8, doi: 10.1145/2925995.2926039.
39. R. A. Samra and K. Shaalan, “Exploring Chaotic Performance in Projects and its Relationship with Knowledge Creation Process,” in Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Knowledge Management in Organizations: The Changing Face of Knowledge Management Impacting Society (KMO ’16), Hagen, Germany, 2016, Art. no. 27, pp. 1–8, doi: 10.1145/2925995.2926021.
40. S. K. Ray and K. Shaalan, “Using Freeware Resources to Analyse Sentiments in Social Media,” in Proc. 2015 Int. Conf. Developments E-Systems Eng. (DeSE), Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2015, pp. 204–209, doi: 10.1109/DeSE.2015.64.
41. M. Al Hassan, T. Soomro, and K. Shaalan, “Information Sharing Framework for National Resilience,” in Proc. 26th Int. Business Inf. Manag. Assoc. (IBIMA) Conf., Madrid, Spain, Nov. 11–12, 2015, pp. 2831–2844.
42. M. Al-Emran and K. Shaalan, “Learners and educators attitudes towards mobile learning in higher education: State of the art,” in Proc. 2015 Int. Conf. Adv. Comput., Commun. Informatics (ICACCI), Kochi, India, 2015, pp. 907–913, doi: 10.1109/ICACCI.2015.7275726.
43. A. Al-Zoghby and K. Shaalan, “Semantic Search for Arabic,” in Proc. 28th Int. Florida Artif. Intell. Res. Soc. Conf. (FLAIRS-28), Semantic, Logic, Information Extraction and Artificial Intelligence Track, Hollywood, FL, USA, May 18–20, 2015, pp. 524–529, AAAI Press. [Online]. Available: https://cdn.aaai.org/ocs/10360/10360-46128-1-PB.pdf
44. M. Al-Emran, S. Zaza, and K. Shaalan, “Parsing Modern Standard Arabic Using Treebank Resources,” in Proc. 2015 Int. Conf. Inf. Commun. Technol. Res. (ICTRC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2015, pp. 80–83, doi: 10.1109/ICTRC.2015.7156426.
45. H. M. Al Chalabi, S. K. Ray, and K. Shaalan, “Question Classification for Arabic Question Answering Systems,” in Proc. 2015 Int. Conf. Inf. Commun. Technol. Res. (ICTRC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2015, pp. 310–313, doi: 10.1109/ICTRC.2015.7156484.
46. H. Al-Chalabi, S. Ray, and K. Shaalan, “Semantic Based Query Expansion for Arabic Question Answering Systems,” in Proc. 2015 1st Int. Conf. Arabic Comput. Linguist. (ACLing), Cairo, Egypt, 2015, pp. 127–132, doi: 10.1109/ACLing.2015.25.
47. S. Atia and K. Shaalan, “Increasing the Accuracy of Opinion Mining in Arabic,” in Proc. 2015 1st Int. Conf. Arabic Comput. Linguist. (ACLing), Cairo, Egypt, 2015, pp. 106–113, doi: 10.1109/ACLing.2015.22.
48. M. A. Meselhi, H. M. Abo Bakr, I. Ziedan, and K. Shaalan, “Hybrid Named Entity Recognition – Application to Arabic Language,” in Proc. 2014 9th Int. Conf. Comput. Eng. Syst. (ICCES), Cairo, Egypt, 2014, pp. 80–85, doi: 10.1109/ICCES.2014.7030933.
49. M. A. Emran and K. Shaalan, “A Survey of Intelligent Language Tutoring Systems,” in Proc. 2014 Int. Conf. Adv. Comput., Commun. Informatics (ICACCI), Delhi, India, 2014, pp. 393–399, doi: 10.1109/ICACCI.2014.6968503.
50. M. Al Emran and K. Shaalan, “E-podium Technology: A Medium of Managing Knowledge at Al Buraimi University College via M-learning,” in Proc. 2nd BCS Int. IT Conf., Abu Dhabi, UAE, Mar. 9–10, 2014.
51. A. M. Owayid, K. Alrawi, and K. Shaalan, “The Effect of Information Systems Infrastructure and Staff Involvement in the Integration of Knowledge Management and E-Learning Technologies in Academic Institutions,” in Proc. Cambridge Business & Economics Conf. (CBEC 2013), Cambridge, UK, 2013.
52. M. Oudah and K. Shaalan, “A Pipeline Arabic Named Entity Recognition Using a Hybrid Approach,” in Proc. COLING 2012, Mumbai, India, Dec. 2012, pp. 2159–2176. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/C12-1132/
53. M. Attia, Y. Samih, K. Shaalan, and J. van Genabith, “The Floating Arabic Dictionary: An Automatic Method for Updating a Lexical Database through the Detection and Lemmatization of Unknown Words,” in Proc. COLING 2012, Mumbai, India, Dec. 2012, pp. 83–96. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/C12-1006/
54. M. Attia, P. Pecina, Y. Samih, K. Shaalan, and J. van Genabith, “Improved Spelling Error Detection and Correction for Arabic,” in Proc. COLING 2012: Posters, Mumbai, India, Dec. 2012, pp. 103–112. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/C12-2011/
55. K. Shaalan and M. Attia, “Handling Unknown Words in Arabic FST Morphology,” in Proc. 10th Int. Workshop Finite-State Methods Nat. Lang. Process. (FSMNLP 2012), Donostia – San Sebastián, Spain, Jul. 23–25, 2012. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/W12-6203.pdf
56. K. Shaalan, M. Attia, P. Pecina, Y. Samih, and J. van Genabith, “Arabic Word Generation and Modelling for Spell Checking,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Lang. Resources Eval. (LREC’12), Istanbul, Turkey, May 2012, pp. 719–725. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/L12-1344/
57. M. Attia, K. Shaalan, L. Tounsi, and J. van Genabith, “Automatic Extraction and Evaluation of Arabic LFG Resources,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Lang. Resources Eval. (LREC’12), Istanbul, Turkey, May 2012, pp. 1947–1954. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/L12-1349/
58. M. Al-Nuaimi and K. Shaalan, “Barriers to Electronic Government Citizens’ Adoption: A Case of Municipal Sector in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Developments in e-Systems Eng. (DeSE’11), Dubai, UAE, Dec. 6–8, 2011, pp. 398–403, doi: 10.1109/DeSE.2011.65.
59. K. Shaalan, M. Al-Mansoori, H. Tawfik, and A. H. H. M. Mohamed, “Evaluation of an E-Learning Diabetes Awareness Prototype,” in Proc. 2011 Developments in E-Systems Eng., Dubai, UAE, 2011, pp. 74–80, doi: 10.1109/DeSE.2011.92.
60. K. Shaalan and M. Magdy, “Adaptive Feedback Message Generation for Second Language Learners of Arabic,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Recent Adv. Natural Lang. Process. (RANLP 2011), Hissar, Bulgaria, Sep. 2011, pp. 752–757. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/R11-1110/
61. M. Al-Mansoori, K. Shaalan, and H. Tawfik, “Using E-Learning for Helping Children with Diabetes,” in Proc. 2011 Int. Conf. Innovations Inf. Technol., Abu Dhabi, UAE, 2011, pp. 145–149, doi: 10.1109/INNOVATIONS.2011.5893806.
62. O. Anya, H. Tawfik, S. Amin, A. Nagar, and K. Shaalan, “Context-Aware Knowledge Modelling for Decision Support in E-Health,” in Proc. 2010 Int. Joint Conf. Neural Netw. (IJCNN), Barcelona, Spain, 2010, pp. 1–7, doi: 10.1109/IJCNN.2010.5596556.
63. K. Shaalan, M. Magdy, and D. Samy, “Towards Resolving Morphological Ambiguity in Arabic Intelligent Language Tutoring Framework,” in Proc. LREC’10 Workshop on Supporting eLearning with Language Resources and Semantic Data, Valletta, Malta, May 22, 2010, pp. 12–17.
64. K. Shaalan, M. Magdy, and A. Fahmy, “Morphological Analysis of Ill-Formed Arabic Verbs for Second Language Learners,” in Applied Natural Language Processing: Identification, Investigation and Resolution, P. McCarthy and C. Boonthum-Denecke, Eds. Hershey, PA, USA: IGI Global, 2012, pp. 383–397, doi: 10.4018/978-1-60960-741-8.ch022.
65. K. Shaalan, R. Aref, and A. Fahmy, “An Approach for Analyzing and Correcting Spelling Errors for Non-Native Arabic Learners,” in Proc. 2010 7th Int. Conf. Informatics Syst. (INFOS), Cairo, Egypt, 2010, pp. 1–7.
66. A. Hossny, K. Shaalan, and A. Fahmy, “Machine Translation Model Using Inductive Logic Programming,” in Proc. 2009 Int. Conf. Natural Lang. Process. Knowl. Eng. (NLP-KE), Dalian, China, 2009, pp. 1–8, doi: 10.1109/NLPKE.2009.5313850.
67. K. Shaalan, A. Abdel Monem, and A. Rafea, “Syntactic Generation of Arabic in Interlingua-Based Machine Translation Framework,” in Proc. 3rd Workshop Comput. Approaches Arabic-Script-based Lang. (CAASL3), Ottawa, Canada, Aug. 26–30, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/2009.mtsummit-caasl.9/
68. H. M. Abo Bakr, K. Shaalan, and I. Ziedan, “A Statistical Method for Detecting the Arabic Empty Category,” in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Arabic Lang. Resources Tools, Cairo, Egypt, Apr. 22–23, 2009. The MEDAR Consortium. [Online]. Available: http://www.elda.org/medar-conference/pdf/32.pdf
69. K. Shaalan, H. M. Abo Bakr, and I. Ziedan, “A Hybrid Approach for Building Arabic Diacritizer,” in Proc. EACL 2009 Workshop Comput. Approaches Semitic Lang. (Semitic ’09), Athens, Greece, 2009, pp. 27–35. Association for Computational Linguistics. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/W09-0804.pdf
70. H. Abo Bakr, K. Shaalan, and I. Ziedan, “A Statistical Method for Adding Case Diacritics for Arabic Text,” in Proc. 8th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 17–18, 2008, pp. 225–234.
71. A. Hossny, K. Shaalan, and A. Fahmy, “Automatic Morphological Rule Induction for Arabic,” in Proc. LREC’08 Workshop on HLT & NLP within the Arabic World: Arabic Language and Local Languages Processing, Marrakech, Morocco, May 31, 2008, pp. 97–101.
72. H. Abo Bakr, K. Shaalan, and I. Ziedan, “A Hybrid Approach for Converting Written Egyptian Colloquial Dialect into Diacritized Arabic,” in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Informatics Syst. (INFOS 2008), Special Track on NLP, Cairo, Egypt, Mar. 27–29, 2008.
73. A. Farouk, A. Rafea, and K. Shaalan, “Analysis of Spoken Arabic into Interlingua Representation Using Automatic Classification Approach,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Comput. Eng. Conf.: Smart Applications for the Information Society, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 25–27, 2007.
74. A. Farouk, A. Rafea, and K. Shaalan, “Recognizing Semantic Concepts of Spoken Arabic Utterances Using Genetic Technology,” in Proc. 7th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 5–6, 2007.
75. K. Shaalan and E. Othman, “Issues in the Morphological Analysis of the Arabic Passive Verb,” in Proc. 7th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 5–6, 2007.
76. M. Magdy, K. Shaalan, and A. Fahmy, “Lexical Error Diagnosis for Second Language Learners of Arabic,” in Proc. 7th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 5–6, 2007.
77. M. Kayed, C.-H. Chang, K. Shaalan, and M. R. Girgis, “FiVaTech: Page-Level Web Data Extraction from Template Pages,” in Proc. 2007 7th IEEE Int. Conf. Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), Omaha, NE, USA, 2007, pp. 15–20, doi: 10.1109/ICDMW.2007.95.
78. K. Shaalan, H. Abo Bakr, and I. Ziedan, “Transferring Egyptian Colloquial into Modern Standard Arabic,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Recent Adv. Natural Lang. Process. (RANLP), Borovets, Bulgaria, Sep. 27–29, 2007, pp. 525–529.
79. K. Shaalan, A. Abdel Monem, A. Rafea, and H. Baraka, “Generating Arabic Text from Interlingua,” in Proc. 2nd Workshop Comput. Approaches to Arabic Script-Based Languages (CAASL-2), Stanford, CA, USA, Jul. 21–22, 2007, pp. 137–144.
80. K. Shaalan and H. Raza, “Person Name Entity Recognition for Arabic,” in Proc. 2007 Workshop Comput. Approaches to Semitic Lang.: Common Issues and Resources, Prague, Czech Republic, Jun. 2007, pp. 17–24. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/W07-0803/
81. M. Ezzat, K. Shaalan, and A. Fahmy, “Component Composition Analysis for Arabic Natural Language Processing,” in Proc. 6th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 6–7, 2006, pp. 170–180.
82. K. Shaalan, A. Abdel Monem, A. Rafea, and H. Baraka, “Mapping Interlingua Representations to Feature Structures of Arabic Sentences,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Challenge of Arabic for NLP/MT, London, UK, Oct. 23, 2006, pp. 149–159. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/2006.bcs-1.12/
83. S. Al Shamsi, H. Talhami, and K. Shaalan, “Teaching Children with Down Syndrome Pronunciations Using Speech Recognition,” in Proc. IASTED Int. Conf. Computers and Advanced Technology in Education (CATE), Lima, Peru, Oct. 4–6, 2006, pp. 146–153.
84. K. F. Shaalan and H. E. Talhami, “Error Analysis and Handling in Arabic ICALL Systems,” in Proc. 24th IASTED Int. Conf. Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIA ’06), Innsbruck, Austria, 2006, pp. 109–114. ACTA Press.
85. H. Talhami and K. Shaalan, “An Arabic/English Switch for Audio Indexing and Dialogue Management,” in Proc. IASTED Int. Conf. Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications (EuroIMSA), Innsbruck, Austria, Feb. 13–15, 2006, pp. 189–192.
86. K. Shaalan, H. Talhami, and I. Kamel, “A Morphological Generator for the Indexing of Arabic Audio,” in Proc. IASTED Int. Conf. Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing (ASC), Benidorm, Spain, Sep. 12–14, 2005, pp. 307–312.
87. A. Nabhan, A. Rafea, and K. Shaalan, “Enhancing Phrase Extraction from Word Alignments Using Morphology,” in Proc. 5th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Egypt, Sep. 14–15, 2005, pp. 57–65.
88. C. Chang, M. Kayed, M. Girgis, and K. Shaalan, “Criteria for Evaluating Information Extraction Systems,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Informatics Syst. (INFOS), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Mar. 19–22, 2005.
89. S. El-Beltagy, M. Said, and K. Shaalan, “A Framework for Information Extraction, Storage and Retrieval,” in Proc. 1st Int. Comput. Eng. Conf. (ICENCO 2004), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 27–30, 2004.
90. E. Othman, K. Shaalan, and A. Rafea, “Towards Resolving Ambiguity in Understanding Arabic Sentence,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Arabic Lang. Resources and Tools (NEMLAR), Cairo, Egypt, Sep. 22–23, 2004, pp. 118–122.
91. A. Rafea, S. Shafik, and K. Shaalan, “An Interactive System for Association Rule Discovery for Life Assurance,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Comput., Commun. Control Technol. (CCCT), The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA, Aug. 14–17, 2004, pp. 32–37.
92. A. Abdel Monem, K. Shaalan, A. Rafea, and H. Baraka, “A Proposed Approach for Generating Arabic from Interlingua in a Multilingual Machine Translation System,” in Proc. 4th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Oct. 21–22, 2003, pp. 197–206.
93. K. Shaalan, A. Allam, and A. Gomah, “Towards Automatic Spell Checking for Arabic,” in Proc. 4th Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Oct. 21–22, 2003, pp. 240–247.
94. E. Othman, K. Shaalan, and A. Rafea, “A Chart Parser for Analyzing Modern Standard Arabic Sentence,” in Proc. Workshop on Machine Translation for Semitic Languages: Issues and Approaches, New Orleans, USA, Sep. 23–27, 2003. [Online]. Available: https://aclanthology.org/2003.mtsummit-semit.10/
95. K. Shaalan, “Machine Translation of Arabic Interrogative Sentence into English,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Appl., Egyptian Computer Society (EGS), Cairo, Egypt, 2000, pp. 473–483.
96. K. Shaalan, A. Farouk, and A. Rafea, “Towards an Arabic Parser for Modern Scientific Text,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Comput. Intell. Decision, Control Autom. Eng. Ind. Appl. (ACIDCA’2000), Monastir, Tunisia, Mar. 22–24, 2000, pp. 228–235.
97. K. Shaalan, “Extending Prolog for Better Natural Language Analysis,” in Proc. 1st Conf. Lang. Eng., Egyptian Society of Language Engineering (ELSE), Cairo, Egypt, Mar. 14–15, 1998, pp. 225–236.
98. M. Rafea, K. Shaalan, and A. Rafea, “Towards a Knowledge Representation Language Based on Open Architecture Model (OAM),” in Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Appl., Egyptian Computer Society (EGS), Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 27 – Mar. 3, 1997, pp. 241–250.
99. A. Rafea and K. Shaalan, “A Frame-Based Lexicon for Arabic Language,” in Proc. 24th Annu. Conf. Stat., Comput. Sci. Oper. Res., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Dec. 1989, pp. 23–25.

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BOOK REVIEW

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1. K. Shaalan Review ofIntroduction to Arabic Natural Language Processing. Authored by Nizar Y. Habash, Journalof Machine Translation, Volume 24, Numbers 3-4, 285-289, Springer, 2011, [Published Version].

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EDITORIALS

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1. M. Salem, K. Shaalan, F. Oroumchian, A. Shakery, H. Khelalfa (2011). Information Retrieval Technology. Lecture Notes inComputer Science, Volume 7097, 7^th Asia Information RetrievalSocieties Conference (AIRS 2011), Dubai, United Arab Emirates, December 18-20,2011. [Published Version]
2. K. Bouzoubaa, A. Farghaly, K. Shaalan (2010). Preface. Special Issue on Advances in Arabic Language Processing, the International Journal on Information and Communication Technologies (IJICT), Serial Publications, New Delhi, India, 1-2, June 2010. [Published Version]
3. K. Shaalan, A. Farghaly (2009). Introduction to the Special Issue on Arabic Natural Language Processing. ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing (TALIP), the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), TALIP Vol 8, Issue 4, December 2009. [Published Version]

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NON-REFEREED CONTRIBUTIONS

Contents —

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1. A. Damankesh, J. Singh, F. Jahedpari, K. Shaalan, F. Oroumchian (2009).  Using Human Plausible Reasoning as a Framework for Multilingual Information Filtering. Working Notes for the CLEF 2009 Workshop, in conjunction with ECDL2009, 13th European Conference on Digital Libraries, 30 September – 2 October, Corfu, Greece, 2009.

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